The application will be having a TextView to show the current status of Bluetooth and a ToggleButton to toggle the status of Bluetooth.
Algorithm:

1. Check if the Bluetooth is available in the phone or not. If yes, move to next step, otherwise just disable the toggle button and display the message about unavailability of Bluetooth.
2. Check if the Bluetooth is on or not, if yes, change the status of toggle button to on otherwise change it to off and display the message in text view.
3. Listen for the click event on toggle button, and switch on/off the Bluetooth as desired by user.
4. Display the message on every status change.

Instructions:

1. You need to import following packages to your java code file.

   import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
   import android.content.Intent;
   import android.os.Bundle;
   import android.view.View;
   import android.widget.TextView;
   import android.widget.ToggleButton;

2. You will need to have instances of TextView and ToggleButton classes to programmatically access TextView and ToggleButton of your application. So, declare instances of these two classes in your class

   private TextView tv;
   private ToggleButton tb;

3. In the onCreate method of your class, first of all instantiate the TextView and ToggleButton by using ids of the same from layout file which are bluetoothText and toggleButton in my case.

   tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.bluetoothText);
   tb = (ToggleButton) findViewById(R.id.toggleButton);

4. Now create a final instance of BluetoothAdapter class and instantiate it with the default Bluetooth adapter of your device. After that check if the device contains a bluetooth adapter or not by checking whether the BluetoothAdapter instance we just created is null or not. If Bluetooth is present then check whether it is enabled or not and display equivalent message in TextView and ToggleButton.

   final BluetoothAdapter bta = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
   if (bta == null) {
       tv.setText("Device does not support Bluetooth");
   }
   else if(bta.isEnabled()){
       tv.setText("Bluetooth is enabled");
       tb.setChecked(true);
   }
   else{
       tv.setText("Bluetooth is disabled");
       tb.setChecked(false);
   }

5. We declared the BluetoothAdapter instance as final because I am going to use this object in an inner class in following point.
6. Now using setOnClickListener method on ToggleButton create an inner class with a overrided onClick method of View interface. In that method, check if currently Bluetooth is on or not, if yes, then disable it using disable() method of BluetoothAdapter class, otherwise enable it using enable() method of BluetoothAdapter class. Also display the current status of Bluetooth in TextView.

   tb.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
       public void onClick(View v) {
           if(bta.isEnabled()){
               bta.disable();
               tv.setText("Bluetooth is disabled");
           }
           else{
               bta.enable();
               tv.setText("Bluetooth is enabled");
           }
       }
   });

7. Here are some screenshots which shows the output and current status of Bluetooth in the application.
   

   Bluetooth Unavailable

   

   Bluetooth Disabled

   

   Bluetooth Enabled

Reference : BluetoothAdapter

You can download the Android project from here.

1. Smart Lists
   These are the lists that update automatically based on your info which you have in common with your friends, like a college, job, etc. So, if your from a particular city and one of your friend changes its city to yours, then he/she will automatically updated to the smart list based on your city.
2. Custom Lists
   You can also create Friend List based on your custom criteria and you have the choice to select which friends goes into that list.

You can find more information about Friend Lists over here.

You can create custom Friend List in Facebook to organize your friends based on a particular criteria like your class, school/ college, job, etc. When you select any friend in a Custom Friend list, he won’t get notified about that. And best feature of these lists is that you can apply different privacy restrictions on every Friend List.

Instructions:

1. Log into your Facebook account and then on your Home page, click on the MORE link for Friends section in left sidebar below to the Groupssection.
   

   More option - Friend List

2. Now in the next page, click on the + Create Listbutton at the top of page as shown in the following image.
   

   New List - Friend List

3. In the Create New List dialogue, enter the name of your list and you can also select Friends by typing their name in the Members box as shown in the following image. When finished, click the Createbutton to create list.
   

   Create List - Friend List

4. It will open your new Friend List page. You can also add Friends or Facebook Pages to Friend Listas shown in the following image.
   

   Adding Members - Friend List

Following instructions will work perfectly on Firefox 4.0 and above and these are successfully tested on Firefox 9.0.1

Instructions:

1. Click on the dark orange Firefox button on the top-left corner of Firefox window and then select Options –> Toolbar Layout.
   

   Open Toolbar Layout

2. It will open Customize Toolbardialogue as shown in following image. As long as this dialogue is open, you can re-arrange your toolbar as you wish by just dragging particular icons and bars.
   

   Customize Toolbar Dialogue

3. Removing Search Bar (Method 1):
   • As we want to permanently remove Search Bar, for that create a new toolbar by clicking Add New Toolbar button. Give it any name you want. Toolbar will appear on the Firefox window. For now this toolbar doesn’t have anything in it, so it is showing an empty space.
     

     New Toolbar

   • To remove Search Bar, click and drag the Search Bar to this new toolbar.
     

     Drag to Remove Search Bar

   • It will remove the Search Bar from the main toolbar and Address Bar will expand to cover the whole space.
   • Now right-click on the Firefoxtoolbar and then un-check the newly created toolbar i.e. SearchBar.
     

     Remove New Toolbar

4. Removing Search Bar (Method 2):
• This is an easy method. For this, just drag and drop the Search Bar to the Customize Toolbar Dialogue. It will remove Search Bar from your toolbar as desired.
  

  Drag Search Bar to Customize Toolbar

5. Close the Customize Toolbar dialogue and Search Bar is gone from your Firefox.

Linear Search is a method for finding a particular in an array or list, which consists of checking every element of that array, one at a time and in sequence, until the desired value is found. In this tutorial, I will show you how to implement Linear Search using C language to search for a particular number in a list of n numbers (in my case n can have any positive value less than 9).

Algorithm:

1. Let we have an array of 10 elements in variable array and every element can be accessed using array[0], array[1], . . ., array[9]. i.e. size of array is 10 and index is starting from 0 (not 1).
2. Let we have to find value stored in variable num and temp is a temporary variable which will be used for iteration purpose.
3. Initialize temp with 0.
4. Check whether value of temp is less than size of array or not. If yes, continue to next step, otherwise go to step 7.
5. Now check whether array[temp] is equal to num or not. If yes, go to step number 7, otherwise continue to next step.
6. Increment value of variable temp by 1 and move to 4th step.
7. Check if value of temporary variable is equal to size of array. If yes, then no match is found and move to step 9, otherwise move to next step.
8. Match is found at index temp or at position temp + 1. i.e. array[temp + 1] == num.
9. Exit the program.

Instructions:

1. For this program, we need only a single header file which is mentioned below.

   #include <stdio.h>

2. In function main declare an array of 10 numbers, a temporary variable temp for iteration purpose, num variable for storing the value to be found and size variable which will be used to store size of the array. Now ask user to enter size of the array and then ask him/her to enter all the number for the array.

   int array[10], size, num, temp;
   printf("Enter size of array : ");
   scanf("%d", &size);
   for(temp = 0; temp < size; temp++)
   {
       printf("Enter Element #%d : ", temp + 1);
       scanf("%d", &array[temp]);
   }

3. Now ask the user to enter the number he/she wants to search in the list.

   printf("\n Enter the number you want to search : ");
   scanf("%d", &num);

4. Now using a for loop (which will run at max equal to size input by user) check whether array contains an element that user wants to search or not using algorithm explained earlier. If any time, it founds a match, the loop will break.

   for(temp = 0; temp < size; temp++)
   {
       if(array[temp] == num)
           break;
   }

5. Now check whether value of temp is equal to size of array or not. If yes, then it means for loop finished completely and break command is not triggered i.e no match is found. But if it is less than the size of array, then we indeed found a match at position temp + 1 (because temp starts at 0).

   if(temp == size)
       printf("Number is not present in the array...");
   else
       printf("Number found at #%d", temp + 1);

Here are two screenshots of the working sample code.

Linear Search Using C (Match Found)

Linear Search Using C (No Match Found)

You can also download sample code from here.

In this tutorial, I will show you how to install Wine in Ubuntu using both methods 1. Using Terminal and 2. Manual Installation. Following method is successfully tested on Ubuntu 11.10.

Installing using Terminal:

1. Start by adding repository for Wine (ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa) to your Software Sources using following command.

   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa

   

   Add Repository

2. Now get updates for this repository’s packages using following command.

   sudo apt-get update

   

   Get Updates

3. Now install the Wine using the following command.

   sudo apt-get install wine1.3

   

   Installing Wine 1.3

   It will install Wine1.3, If you want to install other version just replace wine1.3 with wine[version-number].

Installing Manually:

1. Open Software Sources by searching the same in Dash Home in Ubuntu 11.10 or by navigating to Applications->Ubuntu Software Center and then selecting Edit->Software Sources in lower versions of Ubuntu.
   

   Software Sources

2. In Software Sources dialogue box, click on the Other Software tab and then click on Add button. Then copy and paste following line in the dialogue box opened and click on Add Source to add Wine repository.
   ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
   

   Add Repository

3. Now open following link in your browser. It will open up Ubuntu Software Center. Follow the instructions given to install Wine in your PC.
   

   apt://wine1.3

   Replace version number with the one you want to install.

   

   Install Wine1.3

Eclipse SDK is free and open source software released under the terms of the Eclipse Public License. In this tutorial, I will explain you how to install this IDE in your Linux based system. All the steps are successfully tested on Ubuntu 11.10 and Eclipse 3.7.1.

Instructions:

1. Download Eclipse package from their website. You must select a version according to your need like if you want to develop C/C++ applications then you must select Eclipse IDE for C/C++ Developers, if you want to develop applications if JAVA, then you must select Eclipse IDE for JAVA Developers or Eclipse IDE for JAVA EE Developers and if you want to develop applications in third-party languages like Android from Google or some other language plugins, then you must select Eclipse Classic.
2. Now open your Terminal application, move to the directory where you have downloaded eclipse archive using cd command and extract the package downloaded using the tar command. In my case the command is as follows

   tar xzf eclipse-SDK-3.7.1-linux-gtk.tar.gz

   

   Extract Eclipse

   Change the name of file eclipse-SDK-3.7.1-linux-gtk.tar.gz with the one you just downloaded.

3. You can also extract the package by right clicking and then selecting Extract Here.
4. After extracting, move the extracted directory to /opt/ directory/. After that change the owner of the directory to root using chown command recursively (by using -R option with chown command) and then add read permission to all the directories and files present in the Eclipse directory by using chmod command with -R option.

   sudo mv eclipse /opt/
   sudo chown -R root:root eclipse
   sudo chmod -R +r eclipse

   

   Move Eclipse to /opt/ Directory

   

   Change Permissions and Directory Owner

5. Now we need to create eclipse executable in /usr/bin/ directory with following commands and then we need to set its permissions to 755. Use the following command to create eclipse executable

   sudo gedit /usr/bin/eclipse

   Now place following command lines in the file opened in gedit

   #!/bin/sh
   #export MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME="/usr/lib/mozilla/"
   export ECLIPSE_HOME="/opt/eclipse"
   $ECLIPSE_HOME/eclipse $*

   After this use the following command to change executable file permission to 755

   sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/eclipse

   

   Creating Eclipse Executable

6. Now we need to create Gnome menu item for eclipse. Use the following command to create eclipse.desktop file in /usr/share/applications/ directory

   sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop

   Paste in the following lines in that file and then save and quit gedit

   [Desktop Entry]
   Encoding=UTF-8
   Name=Eclipse
   Comment=Eclipse IDE
   Exec=eclipse
   Icon=/opt/eclipse/icon.xpm
   Terminal=false
   Type=Application
   Categories=GNOME;Application;Development;
   StartupNotify=true

   

   Create Gnome Menu Item

7. That’s all Eclipse is successfully installed in your system. You can launch it from command line using the following command

   /opt/eclipse/eclipse -clean &

If you already have older version of Firefox installed in your system, then it should not be running while getting this update. If you are not sure whether latest version is available or not, you can check for the latest version at Firefox website.

Instructions:

1. To start getting latest version of Firefox in you system, you should add required repository in your system. Following command let you do that.
   

   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:mozillateam/firefox-next

   When your Terminal ask you to press Enter as shown in following image, just press Enterto continue adding required repository. This command will add the PPA repositories inside your /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory, in a file named mozillateam-firefox-next-oneiric.list.

   

   Adding Repository

2. After adding repository, its time to get updates. Using following command will get all the updates required.
   

   sudo apt-get update

   

   Get Updates

3. After getting all the updates, its time to finally install latest Firefox in your system. Use the following command to install Firefox in your system.
   

   sudo apt-get install firefox

4. This command will show you all the packages which will be installed, which will be upgraded and which ones are no longer required and finally ask you whether you want to continue installation or not. If you are sure that you want to update Firefox or install it, then press 'y' or 'Y' and hit Enter to continue installation.
   

   Installing Firefox

5. This which will take a little bit of time (depending on your Internet connection) in downloading the installation package and then finally install them.

You can create as many designs you want and can order in a set of 50 cards which will cost you about $15 for every 50 Cards. As a limited time offer, Moo.com is providing set of 50 cards for free to its 200,000 users based on “First come first serve” basis. You can try your luck as well, and to create you own set of Timeline Profile Cards follow the instructions described below.

Instructions:

1. Open your Timeline page and then click on About link or open your Info page directly using link facebook.com/your-username/info. Like URL of my Info page is http://www.facebook.com/rt.garg1991/info.
   

   Facebook Info Page - About Link

2. On the Info page, locate the Contact Info section and then click on the Card icon next to “Contact Info” and then click on the Print Cardslink in the pop-up opened as shown in following image.
   

   Print Design Link in Info Page

3. In the page opened, Moo.com application will request for permission to access your content. Click on Allowto proceed.
   

   Request for Permission from Moo.com Application

4. It will redirect you to Moo.com website where you can select the design (Timeline photo) you want on your Profile Card. Select any photo you want, customize as you’d like and then click on Next Stepbutton.
   

   Profile Card Front Side - Edit the design

5. On the next slide, click on the card to add your own detail, you want to appear at the back of your Profile Card. When finished, click on Next Stepbutton.
   

   Profile Card Back Side - Edit the quote

6. In the next step, go through all the steps in the checklist provided. After making desired changes (if any), check all the three check boxes and click on Next Stepbutton.
   

   Final Checklist

7. On the next page, click on the Proceed to checkoutbutton to fill in all the details required and finalize your order.
   

   Proceed to Checkout

You can also watch following video which describes all the steps to create your own Facebook Profile Cards.

Default output of date command prints result in the format shown in following image.

date command

But if we use +%r option with date command, the output format changes to format of the system locale as shown in following image.

date command to show time in the format of the system locale

Instructions:

1. Tell the Terminal to use bash to execute the commands of the script file.
   

   #!/bin/bash

2. Now clear the Terminal using clear command so that output of the date command will shown at the top of the Terminal window.
   

   clear

3. Now using a while loop which will run infinitely print the time using the following command in which echo command is used with -e option which enable interpretation of backslash escapes (\b) and \c option prevent the echo command to enter a newline character.
   

   echo -e "\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b`date +%r` \c"

4. We have to sleep the Shell for a second before next iteration of while loop takes place. So, the full while loop looks like
   

   while true
   do
       echo -e "\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b`date +%r` \c"
       sleep 1
   done

Following image is a screenshot of the working sample script.

Terminal Clock Output

You can download the sample script file here.

Armstrong Numbers are also known as Narcissistic Numbers, Pluperfect Digital Invariant (PPDI) and Plus Perfect Numbers. You can learn more about Armstrong Numbers on Wikipedia.

Algorithm:

1. Let num is the number which is to be checked whether it’s an Armstrong Number or not.
2. Let af (additive factor),sum and temp be three temporary variables, sum having value 0 and temp having value equal to variable num initially.
3. Check if num is less than zero or not, if yes, print an error message that only positive numbers are allowed and exit the program. Otherwise continue to next step.
4. Find the length of the number i.e. how many digits it has and store it in variable length.
5. Now check if temp is equal to zero or not. If yes, proceed to 9th step, else continue to next step.
6. Fetch rightmost digit of temp and store it in variable af.
7. Calculate aflength i.e. digit raised to power of the number of digits in number and store in af itself.
8. Add af to sum and remove rightmost digit from temp variable by dividing it with 10 and move to step 5.
9. Check if variable sum is equal to actual number num. If yes, then num is an Armstrong Number, else it is not.
10. Quit the program.

Instructions:

1. We only need a single header file for this program to work.
   

   #include <stdio.h>

2. Now in main function ask the user to enter the number he/she wants to check. Check if it is positive number or not. If not, then exit the program.
   

   int num, temp;
   printf("Enter the number which you want to check : ");
   scanf("%d", &num);
   if(num < 0)
   {
       printf("Number entered is not valid positive number");
       return 0;
   }

3. Now call user defined function isArmstrong (explained in next step) to calculate sum of its digits each raised to power of number of digits in the number. After than check if value returned by isArmstrong function is equal to actual number or not. If yes, then number entered by user is Armstrong Number, otherwise it is not. Print desired message and quit the program.
   

   temp = isArmstrong(num);
   if(temp == num)
       printf("%d is an Armstrong number...", num);
   else
       printf("%d is not an Armstrong number...", num);

4. In isArmstrong function, find sum of its digits each raised to power of number of digits in the number using a for loop. Before that we have to find number of digits in the number as well. Finally return the sum calculated.
   

   int isArmstrong(int num)
   {
       int temp, temp2, af, length = 0, sum = 0;
       temp = num;
       while(temp)
       {
           length++;
           temp /= 10;
       }
       for(temp = num; temp; temp /= 10)
       {
           af = temp % 10;
           for(temp2 = 1; temp2 < length; temp2++)
               af *= temp % 10;
           sum += af;
       }
       return sum;
   }

Here are some screenshots of the working sample program.

Check Armstrong Number - 4

Check Armstrong Number - 100

Check Armstrong Number - 153

Check Armstrong Number - 371

You can download the sample program as well from here.

• fotos de grisel ramos trautmann (10)